8 Top Possible Factors That Leads To Runway Incursion

Today, you and I will quickly talk about the topic which I have titled “8 Top Possible Factors That Leads To Runway Incursion”.

This has because very important as the day goes by as a result of the very many aviation fans out there who have been searching online for several topics relating to the above subject.

However, we have done a very comprehensive research and we are therefore providing you with information regarding the subject.

According to Wikipedia, A runway incursion is an incident where an unauthorized aircraft, vehicle or person is on a runway. This adversely affects runway safety, as it creates the risk that an airplane taking off or landing will collide with the object. It is defined by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) on April 27, 2006, as:

Any occurrence at an aerodrome involving the incorrect presence of an aircraft, vehicle, or person on the protected area of a surface designated for the landing and take-off of aircraft.

The reasons that leads to all the above is what we shall take a look at today and hopefully by the time we are done, we must have successfully satisfied the curiosity of those who might have been searching for queries such as [runway incursion prevention, runway incursion accidents, runway incursion statistics, runway incursion video, runway incursion uncontrolled airport, taxiway incursion, runway incursion avoidance powerpoint, runway incursion technology,8 Top Possible Factors That Leads To Runway Incursion].

Without wasting much of your precious time, lets get to the topic “8 Top Possible Factors That Leads To Runway Incursion”, right away.

8 Top Possible Factors That Leads To Runway Incursion

However, before we treat the Factors that leads to Runway Incursions over the years, Let’s throw some light to what Runway Incursions really means.

Runway Incursions simply means the existence or the presence of an unauthorized object, be it a person or a vehicle on the runway.

This endangers the safety of an airplane, planning to take off or land on that runway.

However, We went Further providing possible factors/practices that can moderate or mitigate Runway Incursions

According to Fisher in 2002, He said: “While traffic volume, capacity-enhancing procedures, and aerodrome layout may increase the potential for a runway incursion, human error is the mechanism that translates this potential into an actual occurrence.”

Over the Years, The FAA has recorded four types of runway incursions, Which all are based on human error and loss of appropriate separation between aircraft and/or a vehicle.

The First Four Types of Runway Incursions Recorded By FAA

1. Operational Errors

This is when an air traffic controller inappropriately clears an aircraft or vehicle into a situation that results in a collision hazard

2. Operational Deviations

This simply occurs when a pilot moves an aircraft into a position with air traffic control approval, at a wrong time or place (different runway) this is one of the Factors That Leads To Runway Incursion

3. Pilot Deviations

This occurs when a pilot moves an aircraft into a position, without air traffic control approval, that leads to a loss of separation

IMPORTANT

Between the years 1994 to 2001, Pilot Deviation was the main cause of runway incursions in every year except 1994. The FAA has further broken down the data to show that general aviation pilots were most likely to be involved in a runway incursion. In 2000, general aviation pilots committed 76 percent of the pilot deviations.

4. Vehicle/Pedestrian Deviations

This particular deviation occurs where a vehicle or individual enters a runway without air traffic control approval that leads to a collision hazard.

Aside from the Factors of Runway Incursions recorded by the FAA, There other factors that could lead to a serious ground incident includes:

5. AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL

-Memory lapses of controllers

-High workload

-Communication errors between controller and pilots

-Inadequate co-ordination

-Loss of situational awareness of the controllers

-Not visual with traffic from the tower, poor design

– Reduced reaction time due to trainee undergoing training

-The separation between aircraft being miscalculated

6. COMMUNICATION FAILURES

-Usage on non-standard RT phraseology

-Read back/hear back failures

-Ambiguous instructions

-Call sign confusion from similar call signs

-Long and complex instructions

7. PILOT FACTORS:

The Loss of situational awareness

Inadequate support from the non-flying pilot (Pilot Monitoring)

time pressure which leads to “rushed” behavior

Noncompliance of instructions issued by ATC

Inadequate vigilance (complacency) in airports

Lack of crosschecking

8. AERODROME DESIGN

Inadequate and complex design

Inadequate signage, marking and lighting systems

Airport layouts that are complex

A spacing between runways which are insufficient

3 Best Practices That Mitigate/Reduce Runway Incursion

PLANNING OF TAXI OPERATIONS

Prioritization of workload – reducing workload and increasing attention during briefings will improve situational awareness

Pll non critical operations to be completed before push-back

One pilot always monitors the progress of the taxiing against the aerodrome chart

FAMILIAR OF AERODROME

Charts should be studied ahead of time and taxi routes reviewed with a detailed briefing of the taxi routes

Latest NOTAMS reviewed with attention to closures of taxiways and runways

When given an unexpected route or rerouted – take the time needed for reorientation of the new route

Pay attention to the location of hot spots

Usage of standard RT phraseology

Receive and confirm clearances before crossing active runways, reading back all runways crossing/ hold short clearances clearly

Never crossing red stop bars

Priority taxiing leaving the checklist for the appropriate time to minimise distractions

Have a clear understanding of the different ICAO phraseologies

Check for traffic before entering a runway

TAXI PROCEDURES

Ensure all pilots are aware of the ATC instruction given

Write down the taxi instruction and compare it with the aerodrome chart

Adopt a sterile flight deck

Progressively follow the aircraft’s position on the aerodrome chart

Look for visual aids and keep track of aircraft location against the aerodrome chart

Read back of clearances in its entirety to minimize ambiguity

Avoid going heads down during the taxiing phases – both pilots actively following the taxiing route

Listen out for other traffic

If uncertain STOP the aircraft and clarify with ATC

We sincerely hope you have gotten all the information you need relating to “8 Top Possible Factors That Leads To Runway Incursion”.

Thanks For Coming Around

O3SCHOOLS TEAM

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